Traditional production of flat glass

Traditional molding methods: The main molding methods for flat glass include manual molding and mechanical molding.
Hand formed
There are mainly blowing method, coronal method, blowing tube method, etc. These methods have been gradually phased out due to low production efficiency and poor surface quality of glass, and are only used in the production of art glass. [2]
Mechanical forming
There are mainly rolling, grooved vertical lifting, roller alignment (also known as Xufa), slotless vertical lifting, flat pulling, and float method. The rolling method is made by rolling and annealing the glass liquid in the furnace, mainly used for manufacturing wire (mesh) glass and embossed glass. The processes of slot vertical upward method, roller method, and slotless vertical upward method are basically similar, which allow the glass liquid to pass through slot bricks or rollers, or fix the plate root with guide bricks. The glass is pulled upward by the asbestos roller of the guide machine, and then annealed, cooled, and continuously produced into flat glass. The flat pull method is to vertically pull the glass up and use a turning roller to turn the glass strip into a horizontal direction. These methods were common flat glass production processes before the 1970s.